±Recent Visitors

Recent Visitors to Com-Central!

±User Info-big


Welcome Anonymous

Nickname
Password

Membership:
Latest: cgsimpson
New Today: 0
New Yesterday: 0
Overall: 6645

People Online:
Members: 0
Visitors: 650
Total: 650
Who Is Where:
 Visitors:
01: Community Forums
02: Community Forums
03: Community Forums
04: Community Forums
05: Community Forums
06: Community Forums
07: Community Forums
08: Home
09: Community Forums
10: News
11: Community Forums
12: Photo Gallery
13: Community Forums
14: Statistics
15: Community Forums
16: Community Forums
17: Community Forums
18: Community Forums
19: Community Forums
20: Home
21: Community Forums
22: Community Forums
23: Downloads
24: Community Forums
25: Search
26: Community Forums
27: Photo Gallery
28: Photo Gallery
29: Community Forums
30: Community Forums
31: Community Forums
32: Community Forums
33: Community Forums
34: Community Forums
35: Home
36: Photo Gallery
37: Statistics
38: Your Account
39: Community Forums
40: CPGlang
41: Photo Gallery
42: Community Forums
43: Home
44: Photo Gallery
45: Community Forums
46: Community Forums
47: Community Forums
48: Community Forums
49: Community Forums
50: Downloads
51: Community Forums
52: Community Forums
53: Community Forums
54: Community Forums
55: CPGlang
56: Community Forums
57: Community Forums
58: Community Forums
59: Community Forums
60: Community Forums
61: Community Forums
62: Home
63: Home
64: Downloads
65: CPGlang
66: Community Forums
67: Photo Gallery
68: Community Forums
69: CPGlang
70: Home
71: Community Forums
72: Community Forums
73: Community Forums
74: Photo Gallery
75: Community Forums
76: Photo Gallery
77: Community Forums
78: Photo Gallery
79: Home
80: Community Forums
81: News
82: Community Forums
83: Community Forums
84: Home
85: Community Forums
86: Community Forums
87: Home
88: Community Forums
89: Community Forums
90: Community Forums
91: Community Forums
92: Community Forums
93: Photo Gallery
94: Community Forums
95: Member Screenshots
96: Community Forums
97: Community Forums
98: Home
99: Community Forums
100: Community Forums
101: Member Screenshots
102: Community Forums
103: Community Forums
104: Photo Gallery
105: Community Forums
106: Community Forums
107: Community Forums
108: Home
109: Community Forums
110: Community Forums
111: Community Forums
112: Community Forums
113: Community Forums
114: Community Forums
115: Community Forums
116: Community Forums
117: Community Forums
118: Community Forums
119: Community Forums
120: Member Screenshots
121: Community Forums
122: Community Forums
123: Community Forums
124: Community Forums
125: Photo Gallery
126: Photo Gallery
127: Home
128: Photo Gallery
129: Community Forums
130: Home
131: Photo Gallery
132: Community Forums
133: Community Forums
134: Community Forums
135: Photo Gallery
136: Community Forums
137: Community Forums
138: Community Forums
139: Community Forums
140: Community Forums
141: Community Forums
142: Community Forums
143: Community Forums
144: Community Forums
145: Community Forums
146: Home
147: News Archive
148: Community Forums
149: Home
150: Community Forums
151: Downloads
152: Photo Gallery
153: Photo Gallery
154: Photo Gallery
155: Photo Gallery
156: Your Account
157: Community Forums
158: Home
159: Community Forums
160: Community Forums
161: Photo Gallery
162: Downloads
163: Community Forums
164: Community Forums
165: Community Forums
166: Community Forums
167: Community Forums
168: Your Account
169: Community Forums
170: Community Forums
171: Member Screenshots
172: Community Forums
173: Community Forums
174: CPGlang
175: Photo Gallery
176: News Archive
177: Community Forums
178: Home
179: Community Forums
180: Community Forums
181: Photo Gallery
182: Statistics
183: Photo Gallery
184: Home
185: Photo Gallery
186: Community Forums
187: Photo Gallery
188: Photo Gallery
189: Home
190: Community Forums
191: Community Forums
192: Community Forums
193: Community Forums
194: Community Forums
195: Downloads
196: Community Forums
197: Photo Gallery
198: Home
199: Photo Gallery
200: Home
201: Community Forums
202: Community Forums
203: Community Forums
204: Community Forums
205: Community Forums
206: Photo Gallery
207: Community Forums
208: Community Forums
209: Community Forums
210: Photo Gallery
211: Community Forums
212: Community Forums
213: Community Forums
214: Community Forums
215: Community Forums
216: Community Forums
217: Community Forums
218: Community Forums
219: Community Forums
220: News Archive
221: Community Forums
222: Community Forums
223: Community Forums
224: Community Forums
225: Community Forums
226: Community Forums
227: Community Forums
228: Downloads
229: Home
230: Photo Gallery
231: Community Forums
232: Photo Gallery
233: Home
234: Photo Gallery
235: Community Forums
236: Community Forums
237: Community Forums
238: Photo Gallery
239: Community Forums
240: Community Forums
241: Community Forums
242: Photo Gallery
243: Community Forums
244: Photo Gallery
245: Downloads
246: News
247: CPGlang
248: Community Forums
249: Photo Gallery
250: Community Forums
251: Community Forums
252: CPGlang
253: Community Forums
254: Community Forums
255: Home
256: News Archive
257: Home
258: Photo Gallery
259: Photo Gallery
260: Community Forums
261: Community Forums
262: Photo Gallery
263: Community Forums
264: Community Forums
265: Community Forums
266: Community Forums
267: Member Screenshots
268: Photo Gallery
269: Community Forums
270: Community Forums
271: Community Forums
272: Community Forums
273: Community Forums
274: Community Forums
275: Community Forums
276: Community Forums
277: Community Forums
278: Photo Gallery
279: Home
280: Community Forums
281: Community Forums
282: Community Forums
283: Community Forums
284: Member Screenshots
285: Photo Gallery
286: Home
287: Community Forums
288: Home
289: Photo Gallery
290: Community Forums
291: Community Forums
292: Home
293: Community Forums
294: Community Forums
295: Home
296: Community Forums
297: Community Forums
298: Community Forums
299: Community Forums
300: Community Forums
301: Home
302: Community Forums
303: News
304: Photo Gallery
305: Community Forums
306: News
307: Home
308: Photo Gallery
309: Community Forums
310: Photo Gallery
311: Community Forums
312: Community Forums
313: Community Forums
314: Community Forums
315: Home
316: Community Forums
317: Community Forums
318: Photo Gallery
319: Community Forums
320: Community Forums
321: Downloads
322: Community Forums
323: Community Forums
324: CPGlang
325: Community Forums
326: Home
327: Photo Gallery
328: Home
329: Community Forums
330: Community Forums
331: Photo Gallery
332: Community Forums
333: Community Forums
334: Photo Gallery
335: Community Forums
336: Community Forums
337: Member Screenshots
338: Community Forums
339: Member Screenshots
340: Community Forums
341: Community Forums
342: Community Forums
343: Community Forums
344: Community Forums
345: Community Forums
346: Photo Gallery
347: Home
348: Community Forums
349: Photo Gallery
350: Community Forums
351: Community Forums
352: Community Forums
353: Downloads
354: Community Forums
355: Community Forums
356: Community Forums
357: News Archive
358: Community Forums
359: Community Forums
360: Downloads
361: Downloads
362: Home
363: Photo Gallery
364: Community Forums
365: Community Forums
366: Community Forums
367: Photo Gallery
368: Community Forums
369: Community Forums
370: Photo Gallery
371: Community Forums
372: Community Forums
373: Community Forums
374: Community Forums
375: Your Account
376: Community Forums
377: Community Forums
378: Photo Gallery
379: CPGlang
380: Community Forums
381: Home
382: News
383: Community Forums
384: Community Forums
385: Community Forums
386: Community Forums
387: Community Forums
388: Community Forums
389: Photo Gallery
390: Community Forums
391: CPGlang
392: Community Forums
393: Community Forums
394: Community Forums
395: Photo Gallery
396: Photo Gallery
397: Member Screenshots
398: Community Forums
399: Photo Gallery
400: Community Forums
401: Photo Gallery
402: Community Forums
403: Community Forums
404: Community Forums
405: Photo Gallery
406: Community Forums
407: Community Forums
408: Community Forums
409: Community Forums
410: Community Forums
411: Community Forums
412: Photo Gallery
413: Community Forums
414: Community Forums
415: Community Forums
416: Community Forums
417: Community Forums
418: Community Forums
419: Downloads
420: Photo Gallery
421: Community Forums
422: Community Forums
423: Member Screenshots
424: Community Forums
425: Community Forums
426: Community Forums
427: Community Forums
428: Community Forums
429: Home
430: Photo Gallery
431: Photo Gallery
432: Community Forums
433: Photo Gallery
434: Home
435: Community Forums
436: News
437: Community Forums
438: Community Forums
439: Community Forums
440: Home
441: Community Forums
442: Downloads
443: CPGlang
444: Home
445: Community Forums
446: Community Forums
447: Community Forums
448: Photo Gallery
449: Community Forums
450: Community Forums
451: Community Forums
452: News
453: Photo Gallery
454: Home
455: Photo Gallery
456: Community Forums
457: Home
458: Photo Gallery
459: Photo Gallery
460: Member Screenshots
461: Community Forums
462: Community Forums
463: Community Forums
464: Community Forums
465: Community Forums
466: Community Forums
467: Community Forums
468: Community Forums
469: Community Forums
470: Community Forums
471: Community Forums
472: Home
473: Home
474: Community Forums
475: Photo Gallery
476: Photo Gallery
477: Photo Gallery
478: Community Forums
479: Community Forums
480: Community Forums
481: Community Forums
482: Community Forums
483: Community Forums
484: Your Account
485: Community Forums
486: Community Forums
487: Downloads
488: Community Forums
489: Community Forums
490: Photo Gallery
491: Community Forums
492: Community Forums
493: Community Forums
494: Community Forums
495: News Archive
496: Photo Gallery
497: Community Forums
498: Photo Gallery
499: Photo Gallery
500: CPGlang
501: Photo Gallery
502: Community Forums
503: Community Forums
504: Community Forums
505: Community Forums
506: Home
507: Community Forums
508: Community Forums
509: Community Forums
510: Community Forums
511: Photo Gallery
512: Community Forums
513: Community Forums
514: Your Account
515: Community Forums
516: Community Forums
517: Community Forums
518: Photo Gallery
519: Community Forums
520: Your Account
521: Community Forums
522: Community Forums
523: Downloads
524: Community Forums
525: Community Forums
526: Downloads
527: Photo Gallery
528: Photo Gallery
529: Community Forums
530: Photo Gallery
531: Community Forums
532: Community Forums
533: News Archive
534: Community Forums
535: Home
536: Community Forums
537: Community Forums
538: Community Forums
539: Photo Gallery
540: Photo Gallery
541: Photo Gallery
542: Community Forums
543: Community Forums
544: Photo Gallery
545: Photo Gallery
546: Community Forums
547: Community Forums
548: Downloads
549: Community Forums
550: Photo Gallery
551: Photo Gallery
552: Community Forums
553: Community Forums
554: Downloads
555: Home
556: Community Forums
557: Photo Gallery
558: Community Forums
559: Downloads
560: CPGlang
561: Community Forums
562: Community Forums
563: Photo Gallery
564: Photo Gallery
565: News Archive
566: Community Forums
567: Community Forums
568: Community Forums
569: Photo Gallery
570: Community Forums
571: Community Forums
572: Photo Gallery
573: Statistics
574: Photo Gallery
575: Photo Gallery
576: Community Forums
577: Community Forums
578: Community Forums
579: Community Forums
580: Photo Gallery
581: Photo Gallery
582: Community Forums
583: Community Forums
584: Community Forums
585: Community Forums
586: Downloads
587: Community Forums
588: Home
589: Community Forums
590: Community Forums
591: Photo Gallery
592: Community Forums
593: Home
594: Community Forums
595: Community Forums
596: Home
597: Community Forums
598: Home
599: Community Forums
600: News Archive
601: Home
602: Community Forums
603: Community Forums
604: Downloads
605: Photo Gallery
606: Community Forums
607: Community Forums
608: Community Forums
609: Photo Gallery
610: Community Forums
611: Community Forums
612: Home
613: Community Forums
614: Community Forums
615: Community Forums
616: Community Forums
617: Photo Gallery
618: Statistics
619: Photo Gallery
620: News
621: Community Forums
622: Community Forums
623: Community Forums
624: Photo Gallery
625: Community Forums
626: Downloads
627: Community Forums
628: Photo Gallery
629: Community Forums
630: Community Forums
631: Home
632: Community Forums
633: Photo Gallery
634: Your Account
635: Photo Gallery
636: Home
637: Photo Gallery
638: Community Forums
639: Photo Gallery
640: Photo Gallery
641: Community Forums
642: Community Forums
643: Photo Gallery
644: Photo Gallery
645: Community Forums
646: Photo Gallery
647: Downloads
648: Community Forums
649: Community Forums
650: Community Forums

Staff Online:

No staff members are online!
Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!
The AFV ASSOCIATION was formed in 1964 to support the thoughts and research of all those interested in Armored Fighting Vehicles and related topics, such as AFV drawings. The emphasis has always been on sharing information and communicating with other members of similar interests; e.g. German armor, Japanese AFVs, or whatever.
Go to page Previous  1, 2, 3, 4, 5  Next
Post new topic    Reply to topic    Printer Friendly Page     Forum Index ›  AFV News Discussion Board

View previous topic :: View next topic  
Author Message
Jens_O_Mehner
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 511
Location: Giessen, Germany
PostPosted: Tue Jul 31, 2007 6:29 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- GaryKato
Unknown 2 is probably an Alvis Stalwart (Accurate Armor just came out with a kit of it)


Only if they washed it too hot and it shrunk- nowhere near the size of a "Stolly" and wrong types of wheels to boot.
Back to top
View user's profile
GaryKato
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Feb 07, 2006
Posts: 39

PostPosted: Tue Jul 31, 2007 7:30 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- Jens_O_Mehner
- GaryKato
Unknown 2 is probably an Alvis Stalwart (Accurate Armor just came out with a kit of it)


Only if they washed it too hot and it shrunk- nowhere near the size of a "Stolly" and wrong types of wheels to boot.


This is a link to the Accurate Armour's Stalwart product page. I still think it's a Stalwart.
Accurate Armour Stalwart

As for the AMX VCI/VCA, I guess it's a VCG. On the one hand, you're right about the drive sprocket not looking right. I feel it's AMX based from the muffler on the right front trackguard as well as the typical stowage of a roadwheel on the glacis plate. The VCG has a dozer blade plus a front mounted A arm (which you can see in the photo behind the lights).

That 4-wheeled armored car is going to lose me some sleep.

I saw a picture (though not clear) of a VCG from the right side. It looked as if the drive sprocket was extended, like for some power take-off. You might try googling for it "AMX VCG" and taking a look at it. In your picture, it looks as if something should attach to the drive sprocket.
Back to top
View user's profile
Jens_O_Mehner
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 511
Location: Giessen, Germany
PostPosted: Tue Jul 31, 2007 8:41 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- GaryKato
This is a link to the Accurate Armour's Stalwart product page. I still think it's a Stalwart.
Accurate Armour Stalwart


Gary,

I've been around enough real Stalwarts (there's even a privately owned one about 15 klicks from where I live) to tell you that crate isn't one- just compare the wheel hubs, which were very typical of the whole Stalwart/Saracen/Saladin family.



Jens O.
(for some reason feeling a year older today... Smile )
Back to top
View user's profile
JimWeb
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 1439
Location: The back of beyond
PostPosted: Tue Jul 31, 2007 9:24 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- Jens_O_Mehner
(for some reason feeling a year older today... Smile )


The most un-subtle birthday hint I ever saw... Happy Birthday Jens!

Cool

_________________
TTFN
Jim

If your not a member of JED then your
not serious about anything military..

***********************
www.jedsite.info
JED Military Equipment
***********************
Back to top
View user's profile Visit poster's website ICQ Number
GaryKato
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Feb 07, 2006
Posts: 39

PostPosted: Tue Jul 31, 2007 11:01 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

[quote="Jens_O_Mehner

I've been around enough real Stalwarts (there's even a privately owned one about 15 klicks from where I live) to tell you that crate isn't one- just compare the wheel hubs, which were very typical of the whole Stalwart/Saracen/Saladin family.

[/quote]

I've never seen one in my life. However, I'm looking at the pictures of hubs from Bill Munro's book "Alvis Saracen Family" and the hubs look the same to me, even the ones on the cover picture of a Saracen.

Are we looking at the same picture? I was trying to ID this one:
Unknown 2
Back to top
View user's profile
Jens_O_Mehner
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 511
Location: Giessen, Germany
PostPosted: Wed Aug 01, 2007 6:32 am
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- GaryKato
I've never seen one in my life. However, I'm looking at the pictures of hubs from Bill Munro's book "Alvis Saracen Family" and the hubs look the same to me, even the ones on the cover picture of a Saracen.

Are we looking at the same picture? I was trying to ID this one:
Unknown 2


Ooops, he said,

wiping humungous amounts of egg off his face- I was stuck in Neill's posts and the sixwheeler there.

Yep, that indeed is a Stalwart, possibly even trialled by the French at one time, Alvis did try to market it rather aggressively, it was also trialled by the Bundeswehr.

Sorry about the mishap, Gary, glad you saw clearer than I and pointed out the root of the problem.



Jens O.
Back to top
View user's profile
Jens_O_Mehner
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 511
Location: Giessen, Germany
PostPosted: Wed Aug 01, 2007 6:33 am
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- JimWeb
- Jens_O_Mehner
(for some reason feeling a year older today... Smile )


The most un-subtle birthday hint I ever saw... Happy Birthday Jens!

Cool


Why, thank you very much, how did you ever guess? Laughing

Back to top
View user's profile
GaryKato
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Feb 07, 2006
Posts: 39

PostPosted: Wed Aug 01, 2007 9:41 am
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

Jens,
No problem. I knew that either I had a brain stroke and lost my ability for pattern recognition or we had to be looking at different pictures!

(for some reason, I'm feeling a year older today myself) Smile
Back to top
View user's profile
the_shadock
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: May 27, 2006
Posts: 2865
Location: Normandy, France
PostPosted: Wed Aug 01, 2007 12:23 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- GaryKato
As for the AMX VCI/VCA, I guess it's a VCG. On the one hand, you're right about the drive sprocket not looking right. I feel it's AMX based from the muffler on the right front trackguard as well as the typical stowage of a roadwheel on the glacis plate. The VCG has a dozer blade plus a front mounted A arm (which you can see in the photo behind the lights)..


Gary, you are right, it's indeed an AMX-13 VCG. I was a little bit confused, because Saumur also owns an AMX-13 VCG F1 which is quite different (the drive sprocket is from an usual AMX-13), (here is a picture from Dennis Trowbridge). It seems that both drive sprocket were used for this vehicle.

http://good-times.webshots.com/photo/2985676410063387170ByRGjx

_________________
soldat_ryan @ hotmail.com

Looking for photos of Sherman manufacturer's plates
Back to top
View user's profile Send e-mail Visit poster's website MSN Messenger
the_shadock
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: May 27, 2006
Posts: 2865
Location: Normandy, France
PostPosted: Wed Aug 01, 2007 12:48 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- GaryKato
Unknown 4 looks like an AMX-10P.


So this is most probably a kind of prototype of AMX-10 P because it doesn't look like an usual one on some details...

Now, only the armored car and one AFV (unknown 1) remains unidentified on this album :

http://good-times.webshots.com/album/560046376iZuVfr

and these ones :

ERC prototype??



AMX-30 with a test turret ??



P-O

_________________
soldat_ryan @ hotmail.com

Looking for photos of Sherman manufacturer's plates
Back to top
View user's profile Send e-mail Visit poster's website MSN Messenger
Jens_O_Mehner
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 511
Location: Giessen, Germany
PostPosted: Wed Aug 01, 2007 7:26 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- the_shadock






Ah,

there's the culprit- see why I didn't see a Stalwart? Smile

If your message means what I think it means, then many happy returns to you, Gary.



Jens O.
Back to top
View user's profile
Jens_O_Mehner
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 511
Location: Giessen, Germany
PostPosted: Wed Aug 01, 2007 7:49 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

OK,

now that I'm with the program again, let's see... The armored car reminds me of the carrier vehicle for the Crotale, but obviously isn't- may be a pointer, though? Somehow I'm tempted to say Panhard, I know I've seen this thing before- AML series?

"Unknown 1" seems rooted in the AMX 30 family, I don't think I've seen silencers such as these on anything but an AMX product.

T-54 or 55 should be a Chinese product, the fender-mounted headlights weren't used by the Soviets or the other WP- nations that built the T-54/55- it's probably a T-59.

As regards our six-wheeled mystery beast, may I present the Panhard VCR M3, methinks there are certain common elements:

Cool



Jens O.
Back to top
View user's profile
JimWeb
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 1439
Location: The back of beyond
PostPosted: Wed Aug 01, 2007 8:33 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- Jens_O_Mehner

As regards our six-wheeled mystery beast, may I present the Panhard VCR M3, methinks there are certain common elements


I am inclined to think its one of the ERC prototypes....

Cool

_________________
TTFN
Jim

If your not a member of JED then your
not serious about anything military..

***********************
www.jedsite.info
JED Military Equipment
***********************
Back to top
View user's profile Visit poster's website ICQ Number
Jens_O_Mehner
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 511
Location: Giessen, Germany
PostPosted: Wed Aug 01, 2007 8:46 pm
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- JimWeb
- Jens_O_Mehner

As regards our six-wheeled mystery beast, may I present the Panhard VCR M3, methinks there are certain common elements


I am inclined to think its one of the ERC prototypes....

Cool


Yeah,

I see what you mean, wheel hubs as well as the design of the turn indicators do look like the ERC-90, do they not? I am inclined to agree...



Jens O.
Back to top
View user's profile
GaryKato
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Feb 07, 2006
Posts: 39

PostPosted: Thu Aug 02, 2007 8:42 am
Post subject: Re: Pictures from Saumur - outside storage areas / ID Help!

- Jens_O_Mehner

Ah,

there's the culprit- see why I didn't see a Stalwart? Smile

If your message means what I think it means, then many happy returns to you, Gary.



Jens O.


Yes, I would definitely have to have a stroke to ID that as a Stalwart!

Thank you, Jens. A package from Squadron arrived right on time as well!
Back to top
View user's profile
Display posts from previous:   
Post new topic    Reply to topic    Printer Friendly Page    Forum Index ›  AFV News Discussion Board
Page 4 of 5
All times are GMT - 6 Hours
Go to page Previous  1, 2, 3, 4, 5  Next



Jump to:  


You cannot post new topics in this forum
You cannot reply to topics in this forum
You cannot edit your posts in this forum
You cannot delete your posts in this forum
You cannot vote in polls in this forum
You cannot attach files in this forum
You cannot download files in this forum