±Recent Visitors

Recent Visitors to Com-Central!

±User Info-big


Welcome Anonymous

Nickname
Password

Membership:
Latest: HighestAce
New Today: 0
New Yesterday: 0
Overall: 6648

People Online:
Members: 0
Visitors: 971
Total: 971
Who Is Where:
 Visitors:
01: Community Forums
02: Home
03: Home
04: Home
05: Home
06: Home
07: Home
08: Home
09: Home
10: Community Forums
11: Community Forums
12: Community Forums
13: Home
14: Community Forums
15: Home
16: Statistics
17: Community Forums
18: Member Screenshots
19: Home
20: Home
21: Community Forums
22: Community Forums
23: Home
24: Community Forums
25: Community Forums
26: Community Forums
27: Community Forums
28: Community Forums
29: Photo Gallery
30: Home
31: Home
32: Community Forums
33: Home
34: Member Screenshots
35: News Archive
36: Community Forums
37: Home
38: Member Screenshots
39: Community Forums
40: Photo Gallery
41: Home
42: Home
43: Your Account
44: Community Forums
45: Member Screenshots
46: Community Forums
47: Home
48: Community Forums
49: Home
50: Community Forums
51: Community Forums
52: Community Forums
53: Community Forums
54: Home
55: Community Forums
56: Photo Gallery
57: Home
58: Community Forums
59: Home
60: Photo Gallery
61: Community Forums
62: Home
63: Home
64: Home
65: Home
66: Home
67: Home
68: Community Forums
69: Photo Gallery
70: Home
71: Downloads
72: Community Forums
73: Community Forums
74: Home
75: Home
76: Community Forums
77: Community Forums
78: Home
79: Community Forums
80: Community Forums
81: Home
82: Community Forums
83: Community Forums
84: Community Forums
85: Downloads
86: Community Forums
87: Home
88: Home
89: Home
90: Member Screenshots
91: Community Forums
92: Community Forums
93: News Archive
94: Community Forums
95: Downloads
96: Community Forums
97: Home
98: Community Forums
99: Home
100: Community Forums
101: Home
102: Community Forums
103: Home
104: Member Screenshots
105: LinkToUs
106: Community Forums
107: Community Forums
108: Downloads
109: Home
110: Member Screenshots
111: Home
112: Community Forums
113: Home
114: Member Screenshots
115: Home
116: Home
117: Community Forums
118: Community Forums
119: Home
120: News Archive
121: Statistics
122: Community Forums
123: Home
124: Community Forums
125: News Archive
126: Community Forums
127: Community Forums
128: Community Forums
129: Home
130: Community Forums
131: Community Forums
132: Downloads
133: Home
134: Photo Gallery
135: Home
136: Home
137: Home
138: Home
139: Home
140: Community Forums
141: Community Forums
142: Community Forums
143: Home
144: Member Screenshots
145: Home
146: Home
147: Community Forums
148: Home
149: Community Forums
150: Community Forums
151: Home
152: Home
153: Photo Gallery
154: Home
155: Community Forums
156: Community Forums
157: Member Screenshots
158: Home
159: Home
160: Community Forums
161: Home
162: Community Forums
163: Community Forums
164: Community Forums
165: Community Forums
166: Photo Gallery
167: Member Screenshots
168: Home
169: Community Forums
170: Home
171: Home
172: Home
173: Home
174: Community Forums
175: Member Screenshots
176: Community Forums
177: Community Forums
178: Community Forums
179: Home
180: Community Forums
181: Home
182: Community Forums
183: Community Forums
184: Home
185: Community Forums
186: Home
187: Member Screenshots
188: Member Screenshots
189: Home
190: Member Screenshots
191: Community Forums
192: Photo Gallery
193: Home
194: Community Forums
195: Community Forums
196: Community Forums
197: Community Forums
198: Community Forums
199: Community Forums
200: Home
201: Home
202: News
203: Member Screenshots
204: Home
205: Community Forums
206: Community Forums
207: News Archive
208: Home
209: Home
210: Downloads
211: Home
212: Community Forums
213: Community Forums
214: Statistics
215: Community Forums
216: Community Forums
217: Photo Gallery
218: Community Forums
219: Community Forums
220: Community Forums
221: News Archive
222: Community Forums
223: Community Forums
224: Community Forums
225: Community Forums
226: Home
227: Home
228: Community Forums
229: Member Screenshots
230: Community Forums
231: Home
232: Home
233: Home
234: Community Forums
235: Photo Gallery
236: Home
237: Downloads
238: Home
239: Community Forums
240: Home
241: Community Forums
242: Home
243: Community Forums
244: Home
245: Community Forums
246: Community Forums
247: Community Forums
248: Photo Gallery
249: Your Account
250: Member Screenshots
251: Home
252: Community Forums
253: Community Forums
254: Community Forums
255: Statistics
256: Community Forums
257: Community Forums
258: Home
259: Home
260: Photo Gallery
261: Member Screenshots
262: Photo Gallery
263: Home
264: Photo Gallery
265: Home
266: Community Forums
267: Home
268: Photo Gallery
269: Community Forums
270: Community Forums
271: Community Forums
272: Community Forums
273: Community Forums
274: Community Forums
275: Community Forums
276: Community Forums
277: Community Forums
278: Community Forums
279: Home
280: Community Forums
281: Community Forums
282: Community Forums
283: News
284: Community Forums
285: Home
286: Home
287: Community Forums
288: Home
289: Community Forums
290: Home
291: Community Forums
292: Home
293: Community Forums
294: Community Forums
295: Community Forums
296: Home
297: Home
298: Home
299: Your Account
300: News
301: Community Forums
302: Home
303: Community Forums
304: Community Forums
305: Community Forums
306: Home
307: Downloads
308: Downloads
309: Community Forums
310: Community Forums
311: Statistics
312: Home
313: Community Forums
314: Community Forums
315: Community Forums
316: News Archive
317: Member Screenshots
318: Your Account
319: Photo Gallery
320: Home
321: Community Forums
322: Home
323: Member Screenshots
324: Community Forums
325: Home
326: Community Forums
327: Home
328: Community Forums
329: Community Forums
330: Downloads
331: Home
332: Home
333: Home
334: Home
335: Community Forums
336: Photo Gallery
337: Community Forums
338: Community Forums
339: Community Forums
340: Photo Gallery
341: Member Screenshots
342: Home
343: Statistics
344: Community Forums
345: Home
346: Community Forums
347: Home
348: Community Forums
349: Home
350: Community Forums
351: Photo Gallery
352: Community Forums
353: Home
354: Member Screenshots
355: Photo Gallery
356: Community Forums
357: Community Forums
358: Member Screenshots
359: News Archive
360: Community Forums
361: Community Forums
362: Community Forums
363: Home
364: Community Forums
365: Home
366: Home
367: Home
368: Community Forums
369: Community Forums
370: Community Forums
371: Community Forums
372: Community Forums
373: Community Forums
374: Community Forums
375: Community Forums
376: Statistics
377: Community Forums
378: Home
379: Community Forums
380: Community Forums
381: Home
382: Downloads
383: Community Forums
384: Member Screenshots
385: News Archive
386: Community Forums
387: Community Forums
388: Community Forums
389: Community Forums
390: Community Forums
391: Community Forums
392: Community Forums
393: Community Forums
394: Photo Gallery
395: Home
396: Community Forums
397: Home
398: Community Forums
399: Home
400: Community Forums
401: Home
402: Home
403: Community Forums
404: Community Forums
405: Community Forums
406: Photo Gallery
407: Community Forums
408: Member Screenshots
409: Community Forums
410: Member Screenshots
411: Community Forums
412: Home
413: Home
414: Home
415: Community Forums
416: Home
417: Your Account
418: Home
419: Community Forums
420: Photo Gallery
421: Community Forums
422: Community Forums
423: Community Forums
424: Community Forums
425: Community Forums
426: Community Forums
427: Home
428: Home
429: Home
430: Community Forums
431: Member Screenshots
432: Home
433: Community Forums
434: Home
435: Home
436: Community Forums
437: Community Forums
438: Home
439: Home
440: Community Forums
441: Treasury
442: Community Forums
443: Community Forums
444: Community Forums
445: Photo Gallery
446: Photo Gallery
447: Home
448: Downloads
449: Community Forums
450: Downloads
451: Community Forums
452: Community Forums
453: Home
454: Home
455: Home
456: Home
457: Community Forums
458: Community Forums
459: Community Forums
460: Community Forums
461: Community Forums
462: Community Forums
463: Community Forums
464: Home
465: Home
466: Home
467: Home
468: Community Forums
469: Community Forums
470: Community Forums
471: Home
472: Home
473: Your Account
474: Photo Gallery
475: Community Forums
476: Community Forums
477: Member Screenshots
478: Community Forums
479: Home
480: Home
481: Downloads
482: Community Forums
483: Community Forums
484: News Archive
485: Community Forums
486: Community Forums
487: Community Forums
488: Home
489: Home
490: Community Forums
491: Community Forums
492: Community Forums
493: Home
494: Community Forums
495: Home
496: Photo Gallery
497: Community Forums
498: Community Forums
499: Home
500: Your Account
501: Home
502: Photo Gallery
503: Community Forums
504: Community Forums
505: Member Screenshots
506: Member Screenshots
507: Home
508: Member Screenshots
509: Community Forums
510: News Archive
511: Photo Gallery
512: Photo Gallery
513: Home
514: Community Forums
515: Community Forums
516: Community Forums
517: Member Screenshots
518: Home
519: Home
520: Downloads
521: Photo Gallery
522: Member Screenshots
523: Home
524: Community Forums
525: Home
526: Statistics
527: Photo Gallery
528: Downloads
529: Community Forums
530: Community Forums
531: Member Screenshots
532: Home
533: Home
534: Community Forums
535: Community Forums
536: Member Screenshots
537: Home
538: Community Forums
539: Downloads
540: Community Forums
541: Home
542: Home
543: Member Screenshots
544: Community Forums
545: News Archive
546: News Archive
547: Statistics
548: Community Forums
549: Community Forums
550: Community Forums
551: Home
552: Community Forums
553: Community Forums
554: Community Forums
555: Community Forums
556: Home
557: Community Forums
558: Community Forums
559: Community Forums
560: Community Forums
561: Community Forums
562: Community Forums
563: Home
564: Home
565: Community Forums
566: Member Screenshots
567: Home
568: Home
569: Home
570: Community Forums
571: Member Screenshots
572: Photo Gallery
573: Community Forums
574: Community Forums
575: Community Forums
576: Photo Gallery
577: Community Forums
578: Community Forums
579: Community Forums
580: Community Forums
581: Community Forums
582: Community Forums
583: Community Forums
584: Home
585: Community Forums
586: Home
587: Member Screenshots
588: Home
589: Home
590: Member Screenshots
591: Community Forums
592: Community Forums
593: Community Forums
594: Community Forums
595: Community Forums
596: Community Forums
597: Home
598: Member Screenshots
599: Community Forums
600: Photo Gallery
601: Community Forums
602: Home
603: Home
604: Community Forums
605: Community Forums
606: Member Screenshots
607: Statistics
608: News Archive
609: Community Forums
610: Community Forums
611: Home
612: Community Forums
613: Community Forums
614: Home
615: Community Forums
616: Community Forums
617: Community Forums
618: Community Forums
619: Community Forums
620: Community Forums
621: Home
622: Community Forums
623: Community Forums
624: Community Forums
625: Statistics
626: Home
627: News Archive
628: Home
629: Home
630: Downloads
631: Community Forums
632: Community Forums
633: Downloads
634: Photo Gallery
635: Member Screenshots
636: Community Forums
637: Community Forums
638: Photo Gallery
639: News Archive
640: Community Forums
641: Community Forums
642: Community Forums
643: Community Forums
644: Home
645: Community Forums
646: Community Forums
647: Community Forums
648: Home
649: Community Forums
650: Community Forums
651: Community Forums
652: Photo Gallery
653: Home
654: Community Forums
655: Community Forums
656: Member Screenshots
657: Contact
658: Home
659: News
660: Community Forums
661: Home
662: Home
663: Community Forums
664: Statistics
665: Community Forums
666: Community Forums
667: Home
668: Community Forums
669: Community Forums
670: Community Forums
671: Community Forums
672: Home
673: Home
674: Community Forums
675: Community Forums
676: Community Forums
677: Member Screenshots
678: Home
679: Community Forums
680: Community Forums
681: Community Forums
682: Home
683: Community Forums
684: Community Forums
685: Community Forums
686: Community Forums
687: Photo Gallery
688: Home
689: Community Forums
690: Community Forums
691: Community Forums
692: Member Screenshots
693: News Archive
694: Community Forums
695: Community Forums
696: Home
697: Community Forums
698: Home
699: Home
700: Community Forums
701: Community Forums
702: Community Forums
703: Community Forums
704: Community Forums
705: Community Forums
706: News Archive
707: Home
708: Home
709: Photo Gallery
710: Community Forums
711: Home
712: Home
713: Member Screenshots
714: Community Forums
715: Community Forums
716: Photo Gallery
717: Community Forums
718: Home
719: Home
720: Your Account
721: News Archive
722: Home
723: Community Forums
724: Home
725: Community Forums
726: News Archive
727: Community Forums
728: Community Forums
729: Community Forums
730: Home
731: Downloads
732: Home
733: Home
734: Downloads
735: Community Forums
736: Community Forums
737: Community Forums
738: Community Forums
739: Community Forums
740: Community Forums
741: Member Screenshots
742: Member Screenshots
743: Community Forums
744: News Archive
745: Photo Gallery
746: Community Forums
747: Home
748: Community Forums
749: Community Forums
750: Community Forums
751: Community Forums
752: Home
753: Community Forums
754: Community Forums
755: Community Forums
756: Home
757: Member Screenshots
758: Home
759: Community Forums
760: Member Screenshots
761: Community Forums
762: Community Forums
763: Member Screenshots
764: Home
765: Home
766: Home
767: Home
768: News Archive
769: Community Forums
770: Community Forums
771: Home
772: Community Forums
773: Home
774: Member Screenshots
775: Photo Gallery
776: Home
777: Home
778: Downloads
779: Community Forums
780: Community Forums
781: Home
782: News Archive
783: Community Forums
784: Community Forums
785: Community Forums
786: Community Forums
787: Downloads
788: Community Forums
789: Community Forums
790: Photo Gallery
791: Community Forums
792: Community Forums
793: Community Forums
794: Community Forums
795: Home
796: Photo Gallery
797: Community Forums
798: Downloads
799: Community Forums
800: Community Forums
801: Community Forums
802: Community Forums
803: Community Forums
804: Statistics
805: Home
806: Community Forums
807: Home
808: Community Forums
809: Community Forums
810: Photo Gallery
811: Home
812: Member Screenshots
813: Home
814: Home
815: Member Screenshots
816: Community Forums
817: Community Forums
818: Home
819: Photo Gallery
820: Community Forums
821: Community Forums
822: Community Forums
823: Home
824: Search
825: Member Screenshots
826: Photo Gallery
827: Home
828: Community Forums
829: Home
830: Community Forums
831: Downloads
832: News Archive
833: Photo Gallery
834: Home
835: Home
836: Community Forums
837: Tell a Friend
838: Community Forums
839: Downloads
840: Home
841: Community Forums
842: Home
843: Home
844: Downloads
845: Home
846: Community Forums
847: News
848: Community Forums
849: Community Forums
850: Community Forums
851: Community Forums
852: Member Screenshots
853: Home
854: Community Forums
855: News
856: Community Forums
857: Community Forums
858: Photo Gallery
859: Community Forums
860: Home
861: Home
862: Community Forums
863: Community Forums
864: Community Forums
865: Community Forums
866: Community Forums
867: Downloads
868: Home
869: Home
870: Home
871: Home
872: Home
873: Downloads
874: Home
875: Home
876: Community Forums
877: Community Forums
878: Community Forums
879: Downloads
880: Community Forums
881: Community Forums
882: Home
883: Community Forums
884: Member Screenshots
885: Statistics
886: News Archive
887: Community Forums
888: News Archive
889: Home
890: Member Screenshots
891: Community Forums
892: Home
893: Community Forums
894: Community Forums
895: Home
896: Downloads
897: Home
898: Home
899: Home
900: Home
901: Community Forums
902: Community Forums
903: Community Forums
904: Home
905: Community Forums
906: Home
907: Community Forums
908: Home
909: Photo Gallery
910: Home
911: Community Forums
912: Home
913: Member Screenshots
914: News
915: Member Screenshots
916: Home
917: Home
918: Community Forums
919: Downloads
920: Home
921: News
922: Community Forums
923: Member Screenshots
924: Home
925: Community Forums
926: Community Forums
927: Home
928: Community Forums
929: Home
930: Home
931: Home
932: News
933: News Archive
934: News Archive
935: Community Forums
936: Community Forums
937: Home
938: Member Screenshots
939: Home
940: Community Forums
941: Home
942: Home
943: Home
944: Photo Gallery
945: Community Forums
946: Community Forums
947: Home
948: Home
949: Community Forums
950: Member Screenshots
951: Community Forums
952: Downloads
953: Community Forums
954: Community Forums
955: Home
956: Community Forums
957: Home
958: Community Forums
959: Community Forums
960: Community Forums
961: Community Forums
962: Downloads
963: Community Forums
964: Photo Gallery
965: Home
966: Community Forums
967: Home
968: Home
969: Community Forums
970: Community Forums
971: Home

Staff Online:

No staff members are online!
The Best Desktop Processor Yet: AMD's Athlon 64 X2??? :: Archived
Resolve issues with your computer problems here or read about the latest computer parts and information.
Post new topic    Revive this topic    Printer Friendly Page     Forum Index ›  Hardware

Topic Archived View previous topic :: View next topic  
Author Message
Shadow_Bshwackr
Janitor

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 21, 2005
Posts: 7019
Location: Central Illinois, USA
PostPosted: Thu May 12, 2005 6:02 am
Post subject: The Best Desktop Processor Yet: AMD's Athlon 64 X2???

AMD has always been the underdog in the CPU world, but judging from this article, that may not be the case with gamers like us who's games demand high end performance. As many of you know, I'm a true blue Intel fan and have been for many years, but this article is making even the hard core Intel fans take notice...:wink:

Here is a small quote and link to the whole article...:D

Almost all currently shipping games are single-threaded. Because of that, we expect single-core CPUs with high clock speeds to be fastest on current games. AMD has even given guidance to this end, stating that an Athlon 64 FX-55 will continue to be the fastest gaming CPU, and when the FX-57 is introduced, that new single-core chip will be tops in current games. Our data shows that this is indeed the case. The shocking part is this: Even with liquid cooling and a 25% overclock, Intel's best dual-core chip can't come close to matching either AMD's best single core or dual-core chip in game benchmarks. The differences are quite astounding, and AMD's best efforts surpass the massively overclocked Pentium by as much as 20% in some cases. If you compare CPUs running at their standard clock rates, AMD simply crushes Intel.



Link to the entire article...
www.extremetech.com/ar...748,00.asp

Back to top
View user's profile Visit poster's website Photo Gallery
Vlad
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: May 08, 2005
Posts: 21

PostPosted: Thu May 12, 2005 10:37 am
Post subject: Re: The Best Desktop Processor Yet: AMD's Athlon 64 X2???

That quote from the article sounds more like a PR release than an actual study. In truth many of AMD's benchmarks are trumped up to make them look better than Intel.

Before you begin to wonder of my opinions I am a die-hard AMD fanatic. I have used the AMD series chips for the last 7 years and I love them. Pricewise you can afford, in my opinion a slight decrease in performance that a comparable Pentium class would offer. The fact is the hit in performance is not humanly noticable and I never thought that it would be worth spending the extra money on the better performing chip, when we are talking a price differnce in some instances of hundreds of dollars.

Having used them for as long as I have I doubt seriously if I will ever go Intel, but I will not say that I never would. I run a Linux gateway and internet server for my small home network, 6 computers. The hardware that the Linux server is running on is the first system I built 7 years ago. It is an AMD K6-2 333 megahert over clocked to 350 megahertz and has been overclocked since the day it went live. I have not even had to replace so much as a fan or a heat sink on the machine. It now runs 24/7 has been for 48 days without reboot. I have to reboot about ever 50th day to clear out the memory or I get odd behaviour. It has 256 megs PC-100 ram and a TNT2 nVidia video card at 64 megs. It serves as my network storage box, internet gateway, file server, media server, and I host a TeamSpeak server from it for a First Person Shooter clan I am in. It also runs an IRC server for my wifes website.

The outstanding performance I have had from the AMD processors not to mention my experience with the chips longevity have made me a fan of the lower priced chip manufacturer. In my honest opninion both Intel and AMD produce excellent chips, though when you compare price and performance I think that AMD will always have the upperhand over Intel. I am glad to see that we have choices in the chip manufacturers, this creates innovation in the industry and urges both parties to produce better quality and faster designs. Should these two factions ever decide to work on a project together the outcome would be fantastic and I am sure we would see something truely groundbreaking.
Back to top
View user's profile
Shadow_Bshwackr
Janitor

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 21, 2005
Posts: 7019
Location: Central Illinois, USA
PostPosted: Fri May 13, 2005 6:04 am
Post subject: Re: The Best Desktop Processor Yet: AMD's Athlon 64 X2???

One of the big factors in my decision to use Intel over AMD in the past was VIA board chipsets. While I commend VIA for a very stable chipset, getting them stable initially was the issue I had with them. Building new computer systems with AMD or Intel from a "time" point of view simply meant more production with less hassle. With chipset makers on the market now such as Nvidea, the instability issues aren't much of a factor these days.

Price is always an issue with me...(Bush like FREE..:D) and if I can get the same or better performance for the same or less $, then I'm all for it.

Like you, I run several machines on a network and use one dedicated box for a web, file, ftp and ICS portal. Wink

Running Linux....lol. Well, you're preaching to the choir with me...lol I run Ubuntu Linux www.ubuntulinux.org/ on my main computer and really like that distribution. I run WIndows XP Pro on the same computer as a dual boot and reboot XP usually only to do games, but overall, I'm on Linux most of the time.

Back to top
View user's profile Visit poster's website Photo Gallery
Vlad
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: May 08, 2005
Posts: 21

PostPosted: Sat May 14, 2005 12:54 am
Post subject: Re: The Best Desktop Processor Yet: AMD's Athlon 64 X2???

Ubuntu man your hardcore. I think I may have found a kindred spirit.

Currently I run SuSe, but I am planning on switching to either Debian or Slackware on the next hardware upgrade. SuSe servered its purpose for my first distro, but I think it doesn't afford me the level of control I would like. I do like Feather Linux (Live CD) I use it at work to recover from those pain in the six spywares that refuse to let you uninstall them. Any OS that takes up 122 megs is awesome in my book, and that is with a lite version of KDE.
Back to top
View user's profile
Shadow_Bshwackr
Janitor

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 21, 2005
Posts: 7019
Location: Central Illinois, USA
PostPosted: Sat May 14, 2005 6:27 am
Post subject: Re: The Best Desktop Processor Yet: AMD's Athlon 64 X2???

Yep, SuSe is a good distro too and I've downloaded that ISO (9.1) and tried it out recently. Ubuntu is based on Debian and I really like Apt-get that Debian uses. Ubuntu uses Synaptic Package Manager which is based on Apt-get and stops all the 'dep hell' problems associated with many other distro's including those that use RPM for file distribution.

Live CD distro's are quite useful and there are some on the market that really good such as Feather or Knopix or even SuSe live.

The KDE and GNOME Gui's are both great in my opinion although, I think it really boils down to personal choice. I currently run GNOME, but have KDE 3.4 installed and use it on occasion.

With programs such as Open Office, GIMP, Gaim, Firefox, Evolution and K3B, there really isn't much need for a 'pay for' OS for home/business users other than proprietary software. Wink
Back to top
View user's profile Visit poster's website Photo Gallery
Vlad
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: May 08, 2005
Posts: 21

PostPosted: Sat May 14, 2005 11:37 am
Post subject: Re: The Best Desktop Processor Yet: AMD's Athlon 64 X2???

Agreed, my biggest need for Windows now is for gaming, most of my surfing I use Linux. I also avoid most exploits written to take advantage of Windows default settings and the way Windows uses Java, or Active X scripting.

I suggest anyone who is interested in seeing what else there is besides windows check out a live version of Linux. I gaurantee it will leave you cussing windows. With distros today it is as easy to setup a linux box as it is Windows, and even more intuitive.
Back to top
View user's profile
Display posts from previous:   
Post new topic    Revive this topic    Printer Friendly Page    Forum Index ›  Hardware
Page 1 of 1
All times are GMT - 6 Hours

Archive Revive
Username:
This is an archived topic - your reply will not be appended here.
Instead, a new topic will be generated in the active forum.
The new topic will provide a reference link to this archived topic.