±Recent Visitors

Recent Visitors to Com-Central!

±User Info-big


Welcome Anonymous

Nickname
Password

Membership:
Latest: HighestAce
New Today: 0
New Yesterday: 0
Overall: 6648

People Online:
Members: 0
Visitors: 749
Total: 749
Who Is Where:
 Visitors:
01: Downloads
02: Home
03: Community Forums
04: Community Forums
05: Home
06: Photo Gallery
07: Community Forums
08: Community Forums
09: Community Forums
10: Home
11: Community Forums
12: Photo Gallery
13: Photo Gallery
14: Community Forums
15: Home
16: Member Screenshots
17: Member Screenshots
18: Community Forums
19: Downloads
20: Community Forums
21: Member Screenshots
22: Community Forums
23: Photo Gallery
24: Community Forums
25: Community Forums
26: Community Forums
27: Photo Gallery
28: Photo Gallery
29: Community Forums
30: Member Screenshots
31: News Archive
32: Member Screenshots
33: Community Forums
34: Home
35: Community Forums
36: Photo Gallery
37: Home
38: Home
39: Home
40: Home
41: Community Forums
42: Member Screenshots
43: Community Forums
44: Community Forums
45: News Archive
46: Member Screenshots
47: Photo Gallery
48: Community Forums
49: Downloads
50: Photo Gallery
51: News Archive
52: Community Forums
53: Photo Gallery
54: Community Forums
55: Community Forums
56: Community Forums
57: Community Forums
58: Photo Gallery
59: Community Forums
60: Member Screenshots
61: Photo Gallery
62: Community Forums
63: Member Screenshots
64: Community Forums
65: Member Screenshots
66: Photo Gallery
67: Community Forums
68: News Archive
69: Home
70: Community Forums
71: Community Forums
72: Home
73: Home
74: Photo Gallery
75: Community Forums
76: Community Forums
77: Photo Gallery
78: News Archive
79: Member Screenshots
80: Photo Gallery
81: Statistics
82: Downloads
83: Photo Gallery
84: Community Forums
85: News
86: Home
87: Statistics
88: Photo Gallery
89: Community Forums
90: Community Forums
91: Community Forums
92: Member Screenshots
93: Member Screenshots
94: Statistics
95: Home
96: Photo Gallery
97: Photo Gallery
98: Downloads
99: Community Forums
100: Home
101: Photo Gallery
102: Home
103: Community Forums
104: Community Forums
105: Community Forums
106: Photo Gallery
107: Community Forums
108: Photo Gallery
109: Community Forums
110: Photo Gallery
111: Downloads
112: Photo Gallery
113: Community Forums
114: Photo Gallery
115: Community Forums
116: Home
117: Downloads
118: News Archive
119: Photo Gallery
120: Community Forums
121: Photo Gallery
122: Community Forums
123: Community Forums
124: Community Forums
125: Community Forums
126: Photo Gallery
127: Photo Gallery
128: Home
129: Home
130: Home
131: Photo Gallery
132: Downloads
133: Home
134: Home
135: Home
136: Home
137: Home
138: Photo Gallery
139: Home
140: Community Forums
141: Photo Gallery
142: Community Forums
143: Downloads
144: Community Forums
145: Community Forums
146: Photo Gallery
147: Community Forums
148: Photo Gallery
149: Member Screenshots
150: Community Forums
151: Photo Gallery
152: Community Forums
153: Home
154: Community Forums
155: Home
156: Photo Gallery
157: Home
158: Photo Gallery
159: Photo Gallery
160: Statistics
161: Community Forums
162: Home
163: Photo Gallery
164: Photo Gallery
165: Community Forums
166: Photo Gallery
167: Photo Gallery
168: Photo Gallery
169: Home
170: Community Forums
171: Community Forums
172: Photo Gallery
173: Photo Gallery
174: Home
175: Photo Gallery
176: Photo Gallery
177: Member Screenshots
178: Photo Gallery
179: Community Forums
180: Photo Gallery
181: Member Screenshots
182: Photo Gallery
183: Home
184: Community Forums
185: Community Forums
186: Home
187: Home
188: Home
189: Community Forums
190: Home
191: Community Forums
192: Community Forums
193: Community Forums
194: Community Forums
195: Home
196: Community Forums
197: Home
198: Photo Gallery
199: Community Forums
200: Home
201: Home
202: Community Forums
203: Downloads
204: Community Forums
205: Community Forums
206: Community Forums
207: Photo Gallery
208: Member Screenshots
209: Member Screenshots
210: Community Forums
211: Community Forums
212: Member Screenshots
213: Home
214: Photo Gallery
215: Community Forums
216: Community Forums
217: Home
218: Community Forums
219: Photo Gallery
220: Member Screenshots
221: Member Screenshots
222: Community Forums
223: Community Forums
224: Home
225: Community Forums
226: Downloads
227: Downloads
228: Home
229: Photo Gallery
230: Community Forums
231: Community Forums
232: Home
233: Home
234: Photo Gallery
235: Home
236: Photo Gallery
237: Photo Gallery
238: Community Forums
239: Community Forums
240: Photo Gallery
241: Photo Gallery
242: Member Screenshots
243: Photo Gallery
244: Community Forums
245: News Archive
246: Community Forums
247: Community Forums
248: Photo Gallery
249: Community Forums
250: Home
251: Community Forums
252: Member Screenshots
253: Community Forums
254: Community Forums
255: Community Forums
256: Community Forums
257: Community Forums
258: Community Forums
259: Community Forums
260: Community Forums
261: Community Forums
262: Community Forums
263: Community Forums
264: Home
265: Community Forums
266: Downloads
267: Community Forums
268: Community Forums
269: Community Forums
270: Photo Gallery
271: Downloads
272: Home
273: Home
274: Home
275: Community Forums
276: Member Screenshots
277: Home
278: Photo Gallery
279: Photo Gallery
280: Community Forums
281: Community Forums
282: Photo Gallery
283: Community Forums
284: Community Forums
285: Community Forums
286: Community Forums
287: Community Forums
288: Community Forums
289: Community Forums
290: Community Forums
291: Home
292: Community Forums
293: Downloads
294: Member Screenshots
295: Community Forums
296: Community Forums
297: Community Forums
298: Home
299: Photo Gallery
300: News
301: Photo Gallery
302: Community Forums
303: Statistics
304: Statistics
305: Home
306: Community Forums
307: Community Forums
308: Community Forums
309: Community Forums
310: Photo Gallery
311: Downloads
312: Community Forums
313: Community Forums
314: Community Forums
315: Photo Gallery
316: Home
317: Community Forums
318: Community Forums
319: News Archive
320: Photo Gallery
321: Home
322: Member Screenshots
323: Photo Gallery
324: Photo Gallery
325: Photo Gallery
326: Statistics
327: Community Forums
328: Home
329: Community Forums
330: Photo Gallery
331: Photo Gallery
332: Photo Gallery
333: Home
334: Home
335: Home
336: Community Forums
337: Community Forums
338: Home
339: Community Forums
340: Community Forums
341: Community Forums
342: Photo Gallery
343: Community Forums
344: News Archive
345: Community Forums
346: Photo Gallery
347: Photo Gallery
348: Community Forums
349: Photo Gallery
350: Community Forums
351: Downloads
352: Community Forums
353: Member Screenshots
354: Home
355: Photo Gallery
356: Photo Gallery
357: Photo Gallery
358: Photo Gallery
359: Community Forums
360: Photo Gallery
361: Home
362: Community Forums
363: Community Forums
364: Community Forums
365: Home
366: Photo Gallery
367: Photo Gallery
368: News Archive
369: Community Forums
370: Community Forums
371: News Archive
372: News Archive
373: Downloads
374: Home
375: Member Screenshots
376: Photo Gallery
377: Photo Gallery
378: Photo Gallery
379: Community Forums
380: Community Forums
381: Photo Gallery
382: Community Forums
383: Photo Gallery
384: Community Forums
385: Photo Gallery
386: Community Forums
387: Community Forums
388: Community Forums
389: Statistics
390: Photo Gallery
391: Community Forums
392: Photo Gallery
393: Community Forums
394: Photo Gallery
395: Home
396: Home
397: Home
398: Photo Gallery
399: Home
400: Photo Gallery
401: Photo Gallery
402: Member Screenshots
403: Community Forums
404: Community Forums
405: Downloads
406: Photo Gallery
407: News Archive
408: Member Screenshots
409: Community Forums
410: Home
411: Photo Gallery
412: Community Forums
413: Community Forums
414: News Archive
415: Home
416: Community Forums
417: Home
418: Photo Gallery
419: Photo Gallery
420: Community Forums
421: Downloads
422: Home
423: Community Forums
424: Statistics
425: Statistics
426: Community Forums
427: Community Forums
428: Community Forums
429: Photo Gallery
430: Home
431: Community Forums
432: Community Forums
433: Community Forums
434: Photo Gallery
435: Community Forums
436: Community Forums
437: Community Forums
438: Statistics
439: Home
440: Community Forums
441: Community Forums
442: Member Screenshots
443: Community Forums
444: Community Forums
445: Community Forums
446: Photo Gallery
447: Community Forums
448: Statistics
449: Home
450: Community Forums
451: Home
452: Community Forums
453: Home
454: Community Forums
455: Home
456: Community Forums
457: Community Forums
458: Home
459: Community Forums
460: Home
461: Home
462: Home
463: Statistics
464: Home
465: Home
466: Home
467: Photo Gallery
468: Downloads
469: Community Forums
470: Downloads
471: Community Forums
472: Home
473: Community Forums
474: Community Forums
475: Community Forums
476: Your Account
477: Community Forums
478: Photo Gallery
479: Downloads
480: Community Forums
481: Member Screenshots
482: Member Screenshots
483: Photo Gallery
484: Home
485: Community Forums
486: Downloads
487: Downloads
488: Member Screenshots
489: Photo Gallery
490: Member Screenshots
491: Member Screenshots
492: LinkToUs
493: Community Forums
494: Home
495: Community Forums
496: Home
497: Home
498: Photo Gallery
499: Community Forums
500: Photo Gallery
501: Home
502: News
503: Home
504: Photo Gallery
505: Statistics
506: Photo Gallery
507: Statistics
508: News Archive
509: Community Forums
510: Home
511: Home
512: Member Screenshots
513: Home
514: Home
515: Home
516: Community Forums
517: News
518: Member Screenshots
519: Community Forums
520: Community Forums
521: News Archive
522: News Archive
523: Community Forums
524: Member Screenshots
525: Community Forums
526: Member Screenshots
527: Photo Gallery
528: Community Forums
529: News Archive
530: Photo Gallery
531: Member Screenshots
532: Community Forums
533: Community Forums
534: Home
535: Home
536: Community Forums
537: Downloads
538: Home
539: Community Forums
540: Photo Gallery
541: Community Forums
542: Home
543: Photo Gallery
544: Community Forums
545: Photo Gallery
546: Downloads
547: Community Forums
548: Community Forums
549: Community Forums
550: Statistics
551: Community Forums
552: Community Forums
553: Photo Gallery
554: Community Forums
555: Member Screenshots
556: Community Forums
557: News
558: Member Screenshots
559: Community Forums
560: Photo Gallery
561: Photo Gallery
562: Community Forums
563: Community Forums
564: Community Forums
565: Community Forums
566: Home
567: Community Forums
568: Home
569: Community Forums
570: Home
571: Photo Gallery
572: Home
573: Downloads
574: Photo Gallery
575: Member Screenshots
576: Community Forums
577: Community Forums
578: Home
579: Community Forums
580: News Archive
581: Member Screenshots
582: Community Forums
583: Community Forums
584: Community Forums
585: Statistics
586: Photo Gallery
587: Photo Gallery
588: Downloads
589: Community Forums
590: Downloads
591: Community Forums
592: Community Forums
593: Community Forums
594: Community Forums
595: Home
596: Downloads
597: Member Screenshots
598: Community Forums
599: Downloads
600: Downloads
601: Community Forums
602: Photo Gallery
603: Community Forums
604: Home
605: Home
606: Community Forums
607: Community Forums
608: Community Forums
609: Community Forums
610: Member Screenshots
611: Community Forums
612: Community Forums
613: Community Forums
614: Community Forums
615: News
616: Community Forums
617: Community Forums
618: Member Screenshots
619: Community Forums
620: Photo Gallery
621: Photo Gallery
622: Photo Gallery
623: Home
624: Photo Gallery
625: Community Forums
626: Community Forums
627: Community Forums
628: Photo Gallery
629: Home
630: Community Forums
631: Photo Gallery
632: Community Forums
633: News
634: Statistics
635: Home
636: News Archive
637: Community Forums
638: Community Forums
639: Community Forums
640: Community Forums
641: Member Screenshots
642: Photo Gallery
643: Photo Gallery
644: Community Forums
645: Community Forums
646: Photo Gallery
647: Statistics
648: Community Forums
649: Community Forums
650: Community Forums
651: Community Forums
652: Community Forums
653: Home
654: Community Forums
655: Photo Gallery
656: Photo Gallery
657: Photo Gallery
658: Downloads
659: Photo Gallery
660: Member Screenshots
661: Downloads
662: Statistics
663: Photo Gallery
664: Photo Gallery
665: Photo Gallery
666: Photo Gallery
667: Community Forums
668: Photo Gallery
669: Community Forums
670: Photo Gallery
671: Photo Gallery
672: Photo Gallery
673: Photo Gallery
674: Photo Gallery
675: Community Forums
676: Community Forums
677: Photo Gallery
678: Member Screenshots
679: Home
680: Photo Gallery
681: Photo Gallery
682: Community Forums
683: Home
684: Community Forums
685: Community Forums
686: Photo Gallery
687: Community Forums
688: Member Screenshots
689: Photo Gallery
690: Community Forums
691: Photo Gallery
692: Community Forums
693: Photo Gallery
694: Community Forums
695: Photo Gallery
696: Home
697: Community Forums
698: Community Forums
699: Community Forums
700: Downloads
701: Photo Gallery
702: Member Screenshots
703: Member Screenshots
704: Photo Gallery
705: Community Forums
706: Member Screenshots
707: Photo Gallery
708: Community Forums
709: Photo Gallery
710: Community Forums
711: Community Forums
712: Community Forums
713: Photo Gallery
714: News Archive
715: Home
716: Community Forums
717: Photo Gallery
718: Community Forums
719: Community Forums
720: Community Forums
721: Community Forums
722: Community Forums
723: Photo Gallery
724: Community Forums
725: Community Forums
726: Photo Gallery
727: Community Forums
728: Community Forums
729: Downloads
730: Photo Gallery
731: Photo Gallery
732: Community Forums
733: News Archive
734: Home
735: Community Forums
736: Home
737: Photo Gallery
738: Photo Gallery
739: Community Forums
740: Community Forums
741: Photo Gallery
742: Community Forums
743: Home
744: Photo Gallery
745: Community Forums
746: Home
747: Photo Gallery
748: Home
749: Home

Staff Online:

No staff members are online!
Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?
The AFV ASSOCIATION was formed in 1964 to support the thoughts and research of all those interested in Armored Fighting Vehicles and related topics, such as AFV drawings. The emphasis has always been on sharing information and communicating with other members of similar interests; e.g. German armor, Japanese AFVs, or whatever.
Post new topic    Reply to topic    Printer Friendly Page     Forum Index ›  AFV News Discussion Board

View previous topic :: View next topic  
Author Message
SHAWN
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 31, 2006
Posts: 484

PostPosted: Tue Jan 09, 2007 10:52 pm
Post subject: Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?

okay fellas, happened to catch the tail end report on the news this evening in re: an anti-RPG system or something. it was developed by the IDF, called Trophy?

do any of you who know more about this, feel that you can comment, shed more light on how this is supposed to work?

shawn
Back to top
View user's profile Photo Gallery
JimWeb
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 1439
Location: The back of beyond
PostPosted: Tue Jan 09, 2007 11:30 pm
Post subject: Re: Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?

Not adopted by anyone yet as it is useless in built-up areas and poses a hazard to any of the dismounts around the vehicle. It is strictly a wide-open spaces and everyone under armour system.

TRAPS is a much better system that can be used even with personnel stood beside it...

Cool

_________________
TTFN
Jim

If your not a member of JED then your
not serious about anything military..

***********************
www.jedsite.info
JED Military Equipment
***********************
Back to top
View user's profile Visit poster's website ICQ Number
Shadow_Banshee
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Feb 03, 2005
Posts: 575

PostPosted: Wed Jan 10, 2007 1:05 am
Post subject: Re: Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?

maybe this might be intresting, i checked and its ok to link to it, www.thesop.org/index.php?id=878 i was recently discusing this with a IDF friend so the link was handy. hope it helps.

_________________
Lay me place and bake me Pie
I'm starving for me Gravy
Back to top
View user's profile
mike_Duplessis
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 236

PostPosted: Wed Jan 10, 2007 3:51 pm
Post subject: Re: Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?

I believe Trophy may have seen some limited use in Lebanon last year. There's been a recent media stink about the U.S. turning its nose up to Trophy in favor of a home-grown version that's still pretty far down the road.

My own ill-informed concern with Trophy is its electronic footprint. Radars scannning for incoming rockets sounds like an opponent should be able to pick up and isolate vehicle signatures from miles away. 'Captain, I'm reading three Trophy signatures off the port bow!"
Back to top
View user's profile
SHAWN
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 31, 2006
Posts: 484

PostPosted: Wed Jan 10, 2007 5:13 pm
Post subject: Re: Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?

thanks, i know i am not the only one who feels this way, the media can get my blood boiling...

oh my goodness, i cant believe i was going to use this term, the "drive-by" media, lisa meyers or whomever she was, reported on the trophy system,
presenting views and opinions that i dont feel are accurate, trying to make the govt or army out to be the bad guys and not putting the lives of the soldier first, blah, blah, blah.

this type of defense has some good pros, but too many cons at the present...
this is the first i have heard of it. sounds viable, but how useful would it really be?
seems like sci-fi, force fields around vehicles and such, seems cool


the story had mentioned something to do with an auto-loader, how did that fit into the system?

thanks for shedding some light on this for me, and for the link. i will check it out.
shawn
Back to top
View user's profile Photo Gallery
Neil_Baumgardner
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 3942
Location: Arlington, VA
PostPosted: Wed Jan 10, 2007 5:23 pm
Post subject: Re: Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?

Army Committed to Force Protection, Not False Security
By Jim Garamone
American Forces Press Service

WASHINGTON, Sept. 8, 2006 – Army leaders are committed to ensuring soldiers have the best force-protection capability possible, but also want to avoid giving soldiers a false sense of security, service officials said here today.

Maj. Gen. Jeffrey A, Sorenson, the Army’s deputy for acquisition and systems management, took exception to an NBC News report that said the Army is not buying an Israeli system, called Trophy, that could protect soldiers and their vehicles from rocket-propelled grenades. The report alleges the Army manipulated information in favor of a competing Raytheon system, called Quick Kill.

Both the Israeli and Raytheon systems are designed to fire missiles that intercept RPGs in flight. The Israeli system may be six months ahead of the Raytheon system, but it has limitations. The NBC report made it sound as if the Army refused to field a perfectly fine combat system that would save lives, officials said.

Sorenson said they system is not a “produceable item.� The Israelis have been working on the Trophy system for 10 or 11 years, Sorenson said. “If this thing was ready to go, my question would be, why wasn’t it on the particular tanks that went into Lebanon?� he said. No Israeli Merkava tanks carried the Trophy system, he said.

Other problems include the fact that the system right now has no reloading capability. Once it fires, that side of the vehicle is vulnerable. Which brings up another shortcoming: the Trophy can only be mounted to protect one axis. This means officials would have to mount multiple missile systems on every vehicle. The Quick Kill missile has 360-degree capability and a reload capability.

Another worry is collateral damage, he said. “In a tight urban area, the Trophy system may take out the RPG, but we may kill 20 people in the process,� Sorenson said. “That is a concern we have that we haven’t fully evaluated.�

The general said there also is confusion on the contract award. “It was awarded by the lead system integrator and the government team,� Sorenson said. “It was not done by Raytheon. There was confusion in the report that the Army was cooking the books and which was absolutely false, blatantly false.�

Sorenson said the Army has standards of performance for force-protection capabilities. “These have not only been dictated by lessons learned in theater, but all the work we have done heretofore on all the systems prior to this,� he said. “We will not put anything out there that has not demonstrated that it is capable of doing what it is alleged to do.�

The bottom line is that if a system “does not have the ‘Good Housekeeping Seal of Approval’ it does not go forward,� Sorenson said.

The general said that every soldier lost is a tragedy. But, of the more than 1,400 soldiers killed in Iraq, most died from improvised explosive devices. A total of 148 soldiers have been lost due to an RPG or an RPG and other weapons. Sixty-three soldiers died by RPG only, he said. Broken down further, 10 soldiers died as a result of an RPG hit to a U.S. combat system -- an Abrams tank, Bradley fighting vehicle, Stryker wheeled vehicle or M-113 armored personnel carrier.

“The reason that is so low is that those combat systems already have good force-protection systems applied,� Sorenson said. There are reactive armor tiles on the Bradley. Officials added slat-armor protection to the Stryker, and all combat vehicles have protection built into them, officials said.
Back to top
View user's profile
mike_Duplessis
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 236

PostPosted: Wed Jan 10, 2007 6:30 pm
Post subject: Re: Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?

Some describe the debate as a contest between a high-tech one-shot reactive system that may cost more than the vehicle itself vs a cheap steel cage with bars spaced 3 inches apart. of course a cheap steel cage doesn't boost Raytheon profit margin.

D'oh! I almost forgot to mention. Our gracious host 'AFV News' had a brief article on Trophy in its journal a short while ago. Is your magazine subscription up-to-date? Wink
Back to top
View user's profile
mike_Duplessis
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 24, 2006
Posts: 236

PostPosted: Thu Jan 11, 2007 1:58 pm
Post subject: Re: Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?

Ah! By sheer coincidence I got home from work early last night, just in time to see an NBC news report pretty darned critical of Pentagon procurement in regards to Trophy. Not that they didn't field it, more that they did everything possible to keep from even looking at it! So the old story's still got legs.
Back to top
View user's profile
bsmart
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 23, 2006
Posts: 2523
Location: Central Maryland
PostPosted: Thu Jan 11, 2007 3:23 pm
Post subject: Re: Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?

I saw the story on NBC also. It was a pretty pointed and damning piece. Their focus was 'Army Does everything it can to keep from testing a system which may save soldiers lives to protect the FCS program which their (The Armys) favored contractor is developing' Including the old 'The Army refused our requests for interviews' which NEVER plays well.

Also nothing about cost or potential danger to dismounts (Which is the big problem I've always felt was there with active/reactive systems)

_________________
Bob Smart ([email protected])
Back to top
View user's profile Send e-mail
Joe_D
Power User

Offline Offline
Joined: Jan 29, 2006
Posts: 2067
Location: Razorback Country
PostPosted: Thu Jan 11, 2007 7:23 pm
Post subject: Re: Trophy-- anit-RPG technology?

Nobody's mentioned Humvee Protection,
Just curious if it would apply to them, since the majority of the traffic is of those type of vehicles. Pardon my ignorance but can it be used with a crewmember exposed in an open cupola??? If not the value would be even less. I will say that protective upgrades are happening all the time and as soon as you get used to one another comes out even better. IED's are the most common and biggest killer. RPG's can mess your day up, but at least there's a person you can kill if he tries to engage you. Can't fight an IED.
Did not see the NBC program, kinda glad I don't have regular access to it based on what everyone has said. Let's hope this story doesn't end up prompting some Congressman to start another uneccesary investigation that will either buy us a system we don't really need and siphon off funds needed elsewhere (Counter IED) or prevent the fielding of one in a timely manner that does work.

Joe D
Back to top
View user's profile Photo Gallery
Display posts from previous:   
Post new topic    Reply to topic    Printer Friendly Page    Forum Index ›  AFV News Discussion Board
Page 1 of 1
All times are GMT - 6 Hours



Jump to:  


You cannot post new topics in this forum
You cannot reply to topics in this forum
You cannot edit your posts in this forum
You cannot delete your posts in this forum
You cannot vote in polls in this forum
You cannot attach files in this forum
You cannot download files in this forum